The first stop on Matts Leiderstam’s Grand Tour is a telescope. Aimed through a cut-away in the gallery wall at what seems to be a dull view of a municipal car park. A look through the viewfinder reveals the pastoral landscape in the distance, tinted sepia.
You couldn’t ask for a clearer statement of intent. Leiderstam is in the business of looking, and looking again.
Then, immediately, the waters are muddied - the next exhibit consists of preparatory sketches for the mounting of this very exhibition, displayed alongside an interactive display of Grand Tour, the website, which exhaustively catalogues the paintings, objects and texts the visitor is about to see. This meta-exhibition is more than a prelude; it is a signal that Leiderstam cannot stop looking, or asking others to look, always ready with another viewpoint, another interpretation, another layer.
The exhibition proper is then, fittingly, more like an archive, research centre or art history laboratory than a show. High tables are arranged in rows. Each bears a selection of textbooks, paintings and slides, which are partnered with light-boxes, magnifying lenses and projectors.
There are two key texts for students of this Grand Tour, both published in 1996 but, at first glance, with little else in common: Grand Tour - The Lure of Italy in the Eighteenth Century and Spartacus International Gay Guide.
Having already shown us that first glances are not enough, Leiderstam seeks to draw these two guidebooks together, magnifying details, decoding symbols, and re-encoding them, until the gentlemanly 18th Century quest for erudition is paralleled with a contemporary quest for knowledge of a more carnal kind. At times, the twinning of grand tourist and sex tourist is less than subtle. In After George Hamilton, a magnifying glass is placed over a reproduction of that artists’ The 8th Duke of Hamilton with Dr. John Moore and Ensign Moore, crudely enlarging the bunched cloth at the Duke’s crotch.
In After Giovanni Battista Piranesi, the Spartacus guidebook lies beside a reproduction of Piranesi’s Piazza Della Rotunda With The Pantheon, open at a page detailing the cruising hotspots of Rome. A magnifying glass is aimed squarely at a group of men in the foreground of the painting, and, inevitably, they appear to be men seeking men.
If Leiderstam continued in this vein, his Grand Tour would be little more than a succession of sight gags, quick quips to queer art history with a simple, repeated act of juxtaposition. Thankfully, his paintings go further than his arrangements of books and lenses.
After Robert Hubert foregoes enlargement in favour of alteration. Hubert’s The Painter’s Studio is copied, but where the original shows the artist at work, firmly focussed on the bust he is sketching, Leiderstam’s copy shows him gazing out at the viewer. After Nicholas Poussin includes copies of Landscape with a Man scooping Water from a Stream and Landscape with Traveller’s Resting, both with figures that turn away in the original twisting around to meet the viewer’s gaze in the reworking.
Here Leiderstam is posing questions about looking, about the male gaze, about the interpretation inherent in the act of copying. But, in the wake of the jokey juxtaposing comes another crack - these lads are, in the international language of the cruising ground, making eye contact, and they aren’t after learned conversation about the paintings they inhabit.
The deft touches of humour sugar the medicine of other, more elaborate acts of copying and revision. Claude Lorraine’s Landscape With Rebekah taking Leave of her Father is here in reproduction twice over. The second iteration shows an X-ray of the canvas that reveals a moonlit scene beneath the sunny surface. Leiderstam, of course, copies the moon.
It is at this point that the Grand Tour becomes dizzying. Leiderstam shows us copies of paintings left behind at cruising spots from the pages of Spartacus, photographed and added to the archive. He projects a photograph of a copy of a painting standing beside the original onto a maquette of the room they are photographed in. He shows a slideshow of filtered images of the Perthshire countryside behind reproductions of Alexander Naysmith’s Castle Huntly, Perthshire. Next to the Naysmith, a set of Claude Glasses - tinted lenses to aid the landscape painter, adding atmosphere to a plain view - lie atop a light box. With this steady mania for layering of modes and methods of seeing and looking, matched with a studied compulsion to seek out symbols, or create them when they cannot be found, Leiderstam proves his thesis.
After taking this Grand Tour, it is beyond doubt that the past grand tourist and present-day thrill-seeker are one and the same. But it is a slippery proof, one that rests on re-training the viewer’s eye to match Leiderstam’s introspective inspection of art history through the lens of contemporary gay culture; an optical illusion based on allusion.